Friday, 15 May 2015

everything in Gazals

Terminology of Urdu Poetry

Ash'ar

(Couplet). It consists of two lines (MISRA); first line is called 'MISRA-E-OOLA' and the second is called 'MISRA-E-SANI'. Each verse embodies a single thought or subject (sing) SHE'R.
Bait
Another term for SHE'R.
Bait-Ul-Ghazal
The best SHE'R in a GHAZAL
Ghazal
The literary meaning of the word 'GHAZAL' is to converse with belovedThe opening Verse of the GHAZAL is called MATLA and both hemistiches rhyme with one another. The last verse of the GHAZAL is called MAQTA which usually contains the penname of the poet.
Fard
Composition of only a single SHE'R is called FARD.
Hamd
Poem written in praise of God.
Hazal
Poem with humourous subject.
Husn-E-Matla
Rhyming of the first two lines of a GHAZAL is called HUSN-E-MATLA.
Maqata
The last line of a GHAZAL or a poem which generally contains the poet's pen-name.
Matla
The opening SHE'R of a GHAZAL or a poem.
Misra'
One line of a couplet, or verse.
Musaddas
Each unit consists of 6 lines (Misra).
Nat
Verses written in praise of the Holy Prophet.
Nazam
The literary meaning of NAZM is Poetry (opp of NASR) (Prose) A poem fully dealing with a single subject or thought.
Qafia
Rhyming of the last words of a poem.
Qata
(Fragments). It has two SHE'RS (lines) and has a complete one subject.
Radeef
(End rhyme). Each SHE'R of GHAZAL in addition to QAFIA may also have RADEEF which is rhyming of more than the last two or three words.
Rubai'ee
Contains only 4 lines, the third one being different from the other three as it should not have QAFIA and RADEEF. RUBAI'EE deals with social, philosophical and romantic subjects. Takhallus
A name adopted by a poet, by which he is known in the literary world.
Wasokht
Literal meaning 'displeasure' or 'disgust'. A kind of poem in which the displeasure and carelessness of a lover is narrated; while relinquishing the beloved.
Qawwali
Devotional song expressing the love and oneness with God.


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